高中英语构词法大全(含单词示例),高中生高效背单词必看!

转化法

在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。

1. 动词转化为名词

●Let me have atry.

让我试试。

●They are only allowed to sell softdrinksat school.

在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。

2. 名词转化为动词

●Heshoulderedhis way through the crowd.

他用肩膀推开人群前进。

●The smell from the kitchen made his mouthwater.

从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。

3. 形容词转化为动词

●We will try our best tobetterour living conditions.

我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。

●They tried toperfectthe working conditions.

他们努力改善工作条件。

4. 形容词转化为名词

●He didn’t know the difference betweenrightandwrong.

他不辨是非。

●Theoldin our village are living a happy life.

我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。

5. 形容词转化为副词

●Howlonghave you lived there?

你在那儿住多久了？

6. 个别词在一定场合中可转化为名词

●Warm clothes are amustin the mountains.

穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。

●Life is full ofupsanddowns.

人生有得意时也有失意时。

●His argument contains too manyifsandbuts.

他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。

合成法

由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成的词叫做合成词。合成词一般看其词，知其意。

1. 合成名词

●名词/代词+名词 newspaper blood-test she-wolf

●动词+名词 typewriter pickpocket daybreak

●形容词+名词 greenhouse highway

●副词+名词 overcoat outside

●名词+v.-ing/v.-ing +名词 handwriting reading-room freezing-point

●动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome

●名词+介词+名词 sister-in-law editor-in-chief

2. 合成形容词

●名词+形容词/形容词+名词 world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term

●副词+形容词 over-anxious evergreen

●名词+过去分词 man-made sun-burnt

●名词+现在分词 peace-loving English-speaking

●形容词+现在分词 good-looking easy-going

●副词+过去分词 well-informed widespread

●副词+现在分词 hardworking far-reaching

●形容词+名词+ed warm-hearted absent-minded

●数词+名词+ed three-legged ten-storied

●数词+名词 one-way five–star

●数词+名词+形容词 ten-year-old 800-meter-long

●名词+to+名词 face –to-face door - to -door