2021年新高考英语押题预测卷四(阅读理解与七选五)

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阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

WILD ALASKA

America’s least visited national park drawing fewer than 10,000 visitors a year—just a fraction of those at other U.S. national parks—this remote landscape lies in the Alaska interior, entirely above the Arctic Circle.

GETTING AROUND

Established in 1980 to protect undeveloped land, gates of the Arctic National Park challenges even the hardiest of travelers. Since there are no roads, most visitors fly to the communities near the Park, then journey on foot or by rivercraft, skis, or dogsled. Those without many rural area experiencesshould consider a guided trip.

NATURAL WONDERS

• Photographers can admire the beauty of the Arrigetch Peaks in the Brooks Range.

• Birders have reported more than 145 species, including the northern goshawk, short-eared owl, and arctic warbler.

• Traveling down the Noatak River offers a good chance to see musk oxen, brown bears, caribou, and the 8,276-foot Mount Igikpak.

NATIVE CULTURE

Anaktuvuk Pass is the only town within the park’s borders. But the village is more than just a starting point for adventure; it’s a place to know the people who live there. It features a museum that tells the story of the continued subsistence lifestyle which depends heavily on the caribou. The caribou herd is now threatened by climate change.

21. What is the biggest problem for the Arctic National Park?

A. The cold weather.B. Little amount of visitors.

C. No guided trip.D. Without convenient transportation.

22. Where can we see the brown bears?

A. In the Brooks Range.B. On the Arrigetch Peaks.

C. Along the Noatak River.D.In the Arctic Circle.

23. Which of the following threatens the caribou herd now?

A. The environmental change.B. The museum.

C. The people’s lifestyle.D. The travelers’ behavior.

B

Jack was born without eyes. He was very lucky as he grew up having other kittens (young cats)to socialize with, and was used to people from the moment he was born. However, when it cametime to find the kittens homes, no one knew where Jack would end up.

That's when I got an email from my friend. All she asked was “Do you still want one of thekittens? There's one here with no eyes and no one would like to take him.” Without thinking, I toldher that I did want the kitten.

When we first brought him home, Jack stayed mostly in my room. After about a day he had noissues running around and climbing on everything. At times he gets lost in the house, he'll stop. Butwe just call him and talk to him and it isn't long before he finds his way back to us.

A few weeks after getting Jack, we got a new farm cat named Bear. Jack and Bear havebecome best friends. It doesn't matter that he can't see. He always knows when Bear is around. He'llrun across the yard straight to Bear and wrap his front legs around his neck in a big hug. They runafter each other around and wrestle. They'll lie down in the grass together when tired.Jack is truly an inspiration. I've owned lots of kittens in my life, but Jack is the happiest andmost playful. He doesn't feel sorry for himself. He doesn't need pity. I think Jean, owner of Gumbo,another eyeless cat, said it best when she told me that cats don't have disabilities, they haveadaptability.

24. Why did Jack come to our home?

A. I liked an eyeless cat.

B. My friend ordered me to take him home.

C. No other young cats kept him company.

D. I didn't mind whether he was blind.

25. What does the underlined word “issues” in the 3rd paragraph mean?

A. Difficulty. B. Fun. C. Luck. D. Business.

26. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Jack likes to play with a new eyeless cat.

B. Jack is good at talking and playing with people.

C. Jack quickly adapts to the new environment.

D. Jack and Bear lie down on the sofa together when tired.

27. What can we learn from the passage?

A. A cat has nine lives. B. All is well that ends well.

C. A good beginning makes a good ending. D. God helps those who help themselves.

C

I’ve come back to check on a baby. Just after dusk I'm in a car down a muddy road in the rain, past rows of shackled(戴镣的) elephants， their trunks swinging. I was here five hours before， when the sun was high and hot and tourists were on elephants’ backs.

Walking now, I can barely see the path in the glow of my phone's flashlight. When the wooden fence post stops me short, I point my light down and follow a current of rainwater across the concrete floor until it washes up against three large, gray feet. A fourth foot twisted above the surface, tied tightly by a short chain and choked by ring of metal spikes(尖刺) When the elephant tires and puts her foot down， the spikes press deeper into her ankle.

Meena is four years and two months old, still a child as elephants go. Khammon Kongkhaw, her caretaker, told me earlier that Meena wears the spiked chain because she tends to kick. Kongkhaw has been responsible for Meena here at Maetaman Elephant Adventure, near Chiang Mai, in northern Thailand, since she was 11 months old. He said he keeps her on the spiked chain only during the day and takes it off at night. But it’s night now.

I ask Jin Laoshen, the Maetaman worker accompany in me on this nighttime visit, why her chain is still on. He says he doesn’t know.

Mactaman is one of many animal attractions in and around tourist-crowded Chiang Mai. Meena'slife is set to follow the same track as many of the roughly3，800 captive(被捕获的) elephants in Thailand. When Meena is too old or sick to give rides-maybe at 55, maybe at 75she’ll die. If she's lucky, she’ll get a few years of retirement. She'll spend most of her life on a chain.

28. Why does the author decide to come back?

A. She wants to check baby elephant Meena.

B. She wants to feed those shackled elephants.

C. She wants to release those shackled elephants.

D. She knows a baby is in need of help urgently

29. What can we conclude from the second paragraph?

A. The author is scared walking in the path.

B. Meena is treated badly and very painful

C. Meena only has three healthy legs.

D. One of Meena's leg is badly broken.

30. What's the author's attitude towards those elephants?

A. Indifferent. B. Critical. C. Sympathetic. D. Negative.

31. We can infer that the purpose of the author's writing is______________。

A. to describe those elephants to attract tourists around the world

B. to appeal to people to care about the fate of those elephants

C. to tell readers the story of a baby elephant in Chiang Mai, Thailand

D. to tell the reason why the number of elephants is decreasing.

D

Cetaceans(鲸目动物) communicate through sound to find food and to interact socially. Their sounds vary between species and within communities. The long-finned pilot whales can mimic（模仿） artificial noise, but nobody had previously recorded them. A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.

Pilot whales and orcas, the two largest species of cetaceans, are often seen in the same environments and are similar sizes, and both live in social groups with strong union, says Charlotte Curé, a bioacoustics researcher at CEREMA Lab in France, who was not involved in the study. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are potentially their predators.

Evidence from orca stomachs shows they do occasionally eat pilot whales. But pilot whales can mob and chase them away, the only cetaceans seen defending themselves from the strong enemies in this way.

Mimicry could serve as an additional defense: “One assumption is that if they use similar sounds, they may not be recognized as prey,” Erbe says. Pilot whales eating orcas’ food remains might go unnoticed if they use orca-like calls. “This is all underwater,” she adds, “so these animals rely on sound for detecting their prey and predators.” Long-finned pilot whales have shown an ability to distinguish between orca calls with different meanings; Curé suggests that instead of tricking orcas, the callers could instead be presenting a new orca sound to other group members.

Additional work would confirm whether mimicry is actually occurring. Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals’ interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales’ reactions.

But if a future experiment used predatory sounds, it would need to be done very carefully. “A reaction to a predator can be very strong,” Curé says. “In some protected areas, you are not allowed to do more than two predatory playbacks per year.”

32. Which of the following is not the pilot whales and orcas share in common?

A. They communicate through sound.

B.They always live together with other group members.

C. They often live in the same environments.

D. They can defend themselves through mimicry.

33. What do we know from the fourthparagraph?

A. The pilot whales mimic the sounds to detect their prey.

B. The pilot whales can pretend to be orcas to share the food remains.

C. The pilot whales only mimic one kind of the sounds of the orcas.

D. Thepilot whales can distinguish different meaningsof orcas calls to trick them.

34. How do the researcher confirm whether mimicry is actually occurring?

A. By mimicking the sounds in the experiment.

B. By analyzing the data from the cetacean sound book.

C. By listening or playing the sounds and watching the whales’ reactions.

D. By observing the whales from the distance.

35. Which can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Pilot Whales: Copy Orca Calls

B. Pilot Whales and Orcas: Two Largest Animals

C. Orcas: Predators in the Sea.

D. Pilot Whales: Ways to Defend Themselves

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Quiet the Complainer

You may want to know why people complain. In fact, even the kindest, most considerate people complain. And complainingdoesn’t always have a negative impact.36.______. However, the problems start when complaining becomes a frequent action. So, how to quiet a complaining considering your health and his?

Change the subject.

Some complainers will switch the topic if you change theconversation in a direction that interests them. If your neighbor is complaining about the phone company, tell her about an unexpected call you receivedfrom an old friend. 37.______.

Summarize the complaint.

If yourcomplainer keeps repeating himself,ask something like,“Can I tell you that I’ve heard and gotten it?” Using “I” statements (“I’ve heard...”)rather than “you” statements (“Youkeep repeating yourself”) shows thatyou’re interested rather than trying toshut the person down.

38.______.

When afrequent complainer tells you abouther latest problem, ask nicely whatshe’s done to improve it. This isn’tthe usual direction a grievance-ladenconversation takes, and it may help toabruptly end a rant.

Be honest.

39.______, tell the complainer that youmust cut the conversation short. You can simply be honest, saying youneed to move on so the conversationdoesn’t bring you down—especially ifit’s someone who’s complained to youmany times before.

Have a heart-to-heart.

If someone very close to you, like your partner or best friend stressesyou out with loads of pessimism. 40.______. Otherwise, if you hideyourfeelings and continue listening torepeated complaints, you may start avoiding the person.

A. Focus on the effect.

B. Challenge the person to act.

C. When you have thingsto doD. Avoid saying the word complaining.

E. It’s important to talk about the problem.

F. Sometimes a complaint changes anunfavorable situation into a more desirable one.

G. If your coworkeris saying bad words about your boss, askwhether he met the new employee.

参考答案

A

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了野生阿拉斯加旅游之地相关内容。

21.B 【解析】考查细节理解。原文第一段 “America’s least visited national park drawing fewer than 10,000 visitors a year”可以得知游客稀少是它最大的问题。A和D是问题的原因，C与原文矛盾，原文说的是“should consider a guided tri”需要考虑有导游的旅行，故选B。

22.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据题干brown bears可以定位原文NATURAL WONDERS下面的第三个小标题，可以得知地点是正在the Noatak River，故选C。

23.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据题干threatens the caribou herd now可以定位到原文最后一段最后一句话The caribou herd is now threatened by climate change.故选A。

B

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文写了盲人Jack与他的盲猫的故事。

24.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据题干信息，答案锁定在第二段．当朋友问我还想要只猫吗？有只猫没有眼睛，没人想要．Without thinking I told her that I did want the kitten．不假思索地我就告诉她，我确实想要它．可知作者并不介意它是只瞎猫．故答案选D．

25.A 【解析】考查词义猜测。结合第三段内容，Jack没有眼睛，当我们把它带回家的时候，它只是待在我的房间里，大约一天之后，到处跑，到处爬就没有困难了．可知答案为A．

26.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段第四句话，Jack跑过院子到达Bear那里，可知它们是在户外摔跤，而非indoors，排除A．文章没有提到Bear没有眼睛，所以排除B项．根据第三段对Jack的描述，大约一天后，它到处跑，到处爬就不成问题了，可知它适应环境挺快的．故答案为C．D错在擅长跟人说话，Jack只是一只猫．

27.D 【解析】考查推理判断。文章通过最后一段话中“He doesn't feel sorry for himself. He doesn't need pity. I think Jean, owner of Gumbo,another eyeless cat, said it best when she told me that cats don't have disabilities, they haveadaptability.”可以得知他并不为自己感到难过。他不需要同情。我想另一只无眼猫秋葵的主人琼说得最好，她告诉我猫没有残疾，它们有适应能力。故选D。

C

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，通过作者在泰国目睹大象的悲惨遭遇，呼吁人们关注大象的命运。

28.A 【解析】考查细节理解。细节理解题。根据第一段“I’ve come back to check on a baby.”，可知作者回来检查是因为不放心小象Meena。故选A项。

29.B 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“A fourth foot twisted above the surface, tied tightly by a short chain and choked by ring of metal spikes(尖刺) When the elephant tires and puts her foot down，the spikes press deeper into her ankle.”可知，小象Meena被带刺的铁链拴着，一只脚不能落下，可知小象被虐待，并且很痛苦，故选B项。

30.C 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段“He said he keeps her on the spiked chain only during the day and takes it off at night. But it’s night now.”结合全文作者对大象悲惨命运的描写，可知作者对这些被人类囚禁以营利的动物表示同情。故选C项。

31.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据本文判断作者同情这些旅游地为吸引游客而被囚禁的大象等动物的命运，作者写本文就是为了呼吁人们去关心这些动物的命运，故选B项。

D

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述长肢领航鲸拥有模仿虎鲸的声音的能力。

32. D【解析】细节理解题。A选项在原文第一句话就表明，“Cetaceans(鲸目动物) communicate through sound”；B选项，通过第二段“live in social groups with strong union”可以得知，他们都是群居动物；C选项在第二段第一句话中“are often seen in the same environments”直接可以看出来；D选项根据第一段“The long-finned pilot whales can mimic（模仿） artificial noise”可知，pilot whales会模仿声音，但是并未提及orcas模仿声音。综上所述，故选D。

33. B【解析】考察细节理解。A选项通过原文“not be recognized as prey”可以得知pilot whales模仿声音是为了不被当作猎物，而非为了捕猎。B选项通过原文“eating orcas’ food remains might go unnoticed if they use orca-like calls.”可以得知如果虎鲸使用类似虎鲸的叫声，吃虎鲸的食物残渣可能会被忽视。这里pretend就是原文的同义改写。C选项“only mimic one kind of”过于绝对化，而且原文最后一句话表明他们会模仿各种声音。D选项通过最后一句“instead of tricking orcas”可以得知并不是为了欺骗误导虎鲸。

34. C【解析】考察细节理解。通过原文倒数第二段“Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals’ interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales’ reactions. ”可以得知研究人员可以将他们的听觉数据与野生动物相互作用的直接观察配对，甚至可以播放逆戟鲸的声音，观察鲸鱼的反应。故选C。

35. A【解析】考察主旨大意。通读全文，文章的中心名词是pilot whales以及sound,所以选A。BC关键词Orcas错误，Largest Animals以及Predators都是某个段落的细节词，不能概括为标题；D选项中Ways方式是第三段的细节内容，故排除。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了减少抱怨的几种方法。

36.F 【解析】空格在段中，根据前面一句话“complainingdoesn’t always have a negative impact.”表明抱怨并不一定全是坏处，再根据后面however，可以确定，空格处应选择抱怨的好处。可以得知F。

37.G 【解析】空格在段落末尾，仔细看我们会发现前面一句的句式是if条件句加祈使句的结构，选项G正好也是这个结构，表示如果你的同事在说你老板的坏话，问问他是否遇到了新员工。根据句式一致原则，我们把选项G带入原文，会发现就是和小标题change the subject一致。故选G。

38.B 【解析】此空格是小标题形式，根据前后的标题都是动词原形开头，可以把答案锁定在ABD中，根据后面内容中ask nicely whatshe’s done to improve it.可以确定是action，而非the effect或者the word complaining.

39.C 【解析】空格在段首，空格后是逗号，可以确定需要填入半句话，观察选项只有C是半句话形式，故选C。

40.E 【解析】空格在段中，根据后面一句话Otherwise, if you hideyourfeelings and continue listening torepeated complaints可以确定空格应该是nothide your feelings. 再根据前面tressesyou out with loads of pessimism.以及小标题心与心的交流，应该是坦诚自己的想法。故选E。