英语试卷【高一上】

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Dark Sky Parks Around the World

Warrumbungle National Park

Situated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australia's only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal­clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia's largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras (极光)，the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.

Sark

Sark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World's First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.

Pic du Midi de Bigorre

Pic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3,112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO's World Heritage site, Pyrenees­Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi­Pyrenees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world's highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.

Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon

Ramon Crater is a unique 1,100­square­kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Milky Way.

21．Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?

A．Sark.                        B．Pic du Midi de Bigorre.

C．Warrumbungle National Park.    D．Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.

22．What do we know about Sark from the passage?

A．It belongs to Normandy

B．Cars are not allowed there..

C．The Milky Way can only be seen there.

D．Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.

23．What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?

A．High altitude.                 B．The large area.

C．Geographical conditions.        D．Cultural features.

 

B

David Rees runs a truly distinctive business. He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.

I know what you're thinking—is this a joke? The 39­year­old gets asked that question a lot. To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he's actually providing a real service.

You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils. After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.

To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpapers, pocket knives and even a special$450 sharpening machine. “It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，” he says. “That determines the most appropriate pencil­sharpening technique. Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.”

$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? You're not the only one who feels that way, and David's unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay$15 to sharpen a pencil. But others will say, “This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”

David admits his trade is sort of unusual. But there are those who actually value his service, as proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.

24．How could David make money by sharpening pencils?

A．He invented new tools for the job.

B．He promoted his skill on his website.

C．He saved lots of time for other people.

D．He provided quality service to his customers.

25．From his words, we can infer that David Rees ________.

A．knows all kinds of pencil users  B．provides personalized services

C．values ideas behind the pencils  D．always write with pencils

26．What does the underlined word “insane” (in Paragraph 5) mean?

A．Deliberate.  B．Rewarding.  C．Unreasonable.  D．Irresponsible.

27．What seems to be the author's attitude to David Rees' trade?

A．It's a fancy service.   B．It has a good reputation.

C．It's awfully expensive.  D．It wastes time and money.

C

Judy Wright and her husband decided to move closer to their son, Chris, who lived in Georgia. About a month after the move, Judy fell ill, suffering from her ongoing (不间断的) battle against Parkinson disease.

Her condition worsened rapidly and she required medical care at home. The family hired a nursing aid who canceled at the last minute. Instead, a woman named TunDe Hector showed up in her place.

One day, TunDe shared a story with Judy and her family. She remembered a particularly difficult day in 2014, when a stranger had helped her with a kind gesture. She had run out of gas, and with only $5 in her pocket, was walking to a gas station. A man saw her walking and turned his car around. He paid for her gas and gave her all the cash left in his wallet. Upon hearing the story, Judy's son, Chris, took off his hat and said ，“That was me！” He was the stranger that had helped TunDe on that difficult day.

During the care of Judy, the Wright family learned about TunDe's family and her own dream. The nursing aid, TunDe hoped that one day she could become an OB­GYN nurse. Her tuition was past due (逾期) and she had a family to care for, but she was determined to achieve that goal for herself and her family.

Judy died on July 9,2017. Instead of flowers, her family asked mourners (悼念者) to donate to TunDe's education, to assist her in paying for her nursing school. In less than a week, they raised more than $8,000 and presented her with the surprise check.

28．Why did TunDe come to Judy’s family?

A．To ask for help from Judy.

B．To look after Judy in the hospital.

C．To replace another nursing aid.

D．To give Judy the best medical care.

29．How might Chris feel when hearing TunDe's story?

A．Relieved.     B．Shocked.    C．Puzzled.      D．Disappointed.

30．How did the Wright family help TunDe after Judy's death?

A．They paid for her education.

B．They helped care for her family.

C．They bought her a surprise present.

D．They helped her realize her dream.

31．What does the whole story mainly tell us?

A．Kindness comes full circle.

B．Constant dropping wears stone.

C．The truth never fears investigation.

D．Actions speak louder than words.

D

It sounds almost too good to be true, but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them.

For the study, researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to subjects enjoying slow­wave sleep, a stage when a person has little consciousness of their environment. To ensure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that subjects may have had some contact with at some point in their waking lives, researchers made up totally nonexistent foreign words.

When the subjects woke up, they were presented with the made­up words again without their translations. The subjects were then asked to imagine whether this made­up word indicated an object that was either smaller or larger. This vague (模糊的) way of testing their understanding of the words is an approach that is supposed to tap into the unconscious memory.

Unbelievably, the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 percent higher than random chance. That's not a rate high enough to have them suddenly communicating in a foreign tongue, but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level, even during sleep.

Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory, but previously its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation and organization of memories acquired during wakefulness. This is the first time that memory formation has been shown to be active during sleep.

In other words, our brains are listening to the world, and learning about it, even when our conscious selves are not present.

The next step for researchers will be to see if new information can be learned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep. If so, it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things. Sleep learning might become a widespread practice.

32．Why did researchers use some made­up words in the study?

A．To guarantee the accuracy of the test result.

B．To increase the difficulty of testing information.

C．To avoid the subjects cheating in the experiment.

D．To test if our brain are good at learning something new.

33．What were the subjects asked to do in the study?

A．Repeat the words they heard in the sleep.

B．Make up a word to represent“large”or“small”．

C．Classify what they heard by size.

D．Imagine the meanings of the made­up words.

34．What conclusion did researchers draw from this study?

A．Sleep is necessary for a good memory.

B．Memory formation goes on during sleep.

C．Listening during sleep is good for our brain.

D．Learning languages in sleep has better effects.

35．What will be the researchers' next plan?

A．To train people how to learn during sleep.

B．To prove the existence of unconscious memory.

C．To dig out the reason for unconscious learning.

D．To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning.

第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Anyone who knows me well would see me as an optimist. __36__ This was the case for me on a particularly cold January day.

I felt exhausted by the painful challenges I was dealing with in my personal life. __37_—The gray sky blocked even a single ray of sunlight.

About midway through the day, I left work to get some lunch. Still feeling negative, I noticed that the sun had come out for a moment. I began to think about my negative attitude and reminded myself that I was responsible for choosing my state of mind. __38__ Even though I reminded myself of this truth, I couldn't make the change.

As I stopped at a red light, I looked at the car in front of mine. The personalized license plate caught my eye—It read “SUNZOUT”. This brought an immediate smile to my face. __39__ And in the midst of the longest, darkest, coldest winter, this in itself was a blessing. But then my eyes moved to the car that was next to the SUNZOUT vehicle. The license plate on that car read “GROUCH”. This brought more than a smile to my face as I laughed out loud! Seeing the two opposite license plates at that exact moment in time strengthened my previous recognition of my ability to choose my attitude. __40__

I returned to work and share my story with several co­workers who responded with warm laughter at what I refer to as my “message from beyond”. I learned that day that when we're feeling too discouraged to bring ourselves out of an active state, relief is only a prayer away!

A．The weather seemed to match my mood.

B．Pessimists think the opposite way, however.

C．However, even optimists can temporarily lose hope.

D．It felt like a reminder that the sun was shining after all.

E．Do you think that the sunshine will spread throughout your life?

F．I felt my spirit lift as I made the decision to choose a positive attitude.

G．While I could not ignore the pain I was going through, I could choose to think positively.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

All of us in Monte Vista Christian School know we'll one day have graduation photos for the yearbook taken. As the time __41__， the girls start to have a __42__ about what they'll wear and where to take the photos, while the boys __43__ hardly talk about it. As for me, I __44__ for my photos to be taken by the sea.

When I arrived there, I met my photographer, Annie. She asked me to make some poses and I __45__ her advice. After that, I asked if she could make me look __46__ by taking photos in a different way, __47__ I'm less than 1.6 meters tall. To my __48__ she responded, “I will make no __49__ to make you look like someone you're not. You look good in your own way.” She __50__ that she wouldn't try to edit the photos either.

I was shocked by what she said. Girls always __51__ to look perfect by using different visual angles. When you go to a photo studio, photographers always try to hide your __52__ by telling you to stand in a certain way. And picture editors can easily __53__ your look by making you appear anyway you want to. __54__， that's not the case here. Seeing I was __55__. Annie explained: “Everyone has his uniqueness. You need to __56__ your own beauty. You cannot live in a world of __57__ photos.”

It was the first time that I had met a photographer who doesn't __58__ photos at all. After the shoot, I saw the photos—they are __59__ special and natural. But what's even more special are Annie's __60__， which will always stay in my heart.

41．A. flows       B．approaches      C．shrinks        D．develops

42．A. discussion   B．request         C．reason      D．complaint

43．A. by accident                    B．in addition

C．by comparison                 D．in advance

44．A. accounted     B．applied         C．searched        D．arranged

45．A. considered    B．declined         C．followed          D．consulted

46．A. taller         B．prettier         C．thinner            D．stronger

47．A. unless        B．though          C．since           D．while

48．A. delight       B．astonishment    C．relief           D．satisfaction

49．A. decision      B．choice         C．promise          D．attempt

50．A .added        B．swore          C．explained      D．admitted

51．A. pretend       B．manage        C．desire          D．pay

52．A. preferences    B．advantages     C．personalities      D．imperfections

53．A. expose        B．recover        C．change          D．recognize

54．A. However      B．Therefore      C．Otherwise      D．Anyway

55．A. annoyed       B．confused      C．discouraged      D．embarrassed

56．A .foster         B．admire        C．describe          D．advocate

57．A. vivid         B．colorful        C．artificial      D．popular

58．A. polish        B．organize        C．cut          D．exhibit

59．A. casually      B．roughly         C．partially      D．truly

60．A. attitudes      B．words          C．actions          D．skills

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Spring Festival is ____61___(high) valued by every Chinese family. _____62____(preparation) begin a week before the festival. First, the house is cleaned from top to bottom. This ___63_____(say) to sweep away the dirt and get ready ____64__ the new year.

Next, the Chinese character Fu is attached upside down to the front door. ___65__ is believed that when Fu is put upside down, ___66_____(happy) arrives. The character looks really cool.

The ___67____(great) excitement starts the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks are set off across the city, suddenly ___68___(light) up the night sky. Children are covering their ears __69____ with an expectant look on their faces. Then families sit together around the table ___70___(enjoy) a big dinner. What a lot of fun!

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）