最新人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点拓展总结汇总

发布于 2021-03-31 14:52 ,所属分类:知识学习综合资讯

Unit 1 What’s the matter?



一、  询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法 

 (1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达: 

What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了? 

What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了? 

What’s the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)出什么事了? 

What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事? 

Are you OK?你没事吧? 

Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗? 

(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:

 ①某人+have/has+病症. 

The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。 

‚某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. 

She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。

 ③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。

 ④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。

 ⑤某部位+hurt(s). 

My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。 

⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位, I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。 

⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位. 

There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。

 ⑧其他表达方式 

She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。 

He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。 

She cut her finger.她割破手指了。


二  情态动词should的用法 

1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。 

He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。 

We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。 


2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗?Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗? 


【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:

①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗? 

Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗?

 ②Shall I/we do sth  ?我/我们做„„好吗? 

  Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园,好吗? 

③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢? 

  Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢? 

④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样?   How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样? 

⑤Let’s do sth让我们做„„吧。   Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。 

⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。 

  You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。 


Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks



动词不定式

A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。 常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.

B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。


C. 作(后置)定语——常用于“have/has+sth.+to do”或“enough+名+to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。 


D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。 


【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:“一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have,,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”。


 E. 动词不定式作状语 

主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了,目的是”。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。


 F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法 常见的形式有:had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。


Unit 3 Could you please clean your room



Could you please...?句型 

(1)请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说:Can you...please?情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用could在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could you/I...?若在句末加上please,则显得更礼貌。 

  Could you help me find my book,please?你能帮我找到我的书吗? 


(2)对could you/I...?的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry或oh,please don’t”。 一般不用no开头,用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。 


(3)表示请求的句式:

Would you like to do...?   Would you mind doing...?   Let’s do....   Shall I/we do...? 

  Please do...(祈使句前加please) 

提示:could you please...与could I Please...两种问句,前者是请求别人帮忙的句式,后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的交际用语。试比较: 

Could you please help me?请你帮我一下好吗? 

Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party,Mom? 妈妈, 我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗?


Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?



1.提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见的其他表达方式:How /what about doing sth.?(about是个介词,可跟名词或动名词)“…怎么样?” 

You’d better (not) do something.“你最好(不)做某事” 

Would you like sth …?:“你想要某物Let‟s do sth…? 

What should I do …? ( should表示请求、征询对方意见) 


2.学会谈论问题和学会用why don't you…提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见的表达方式: 

Why don‟t you do something? =Why not do something?  你为什么不做某事呢? 来表示请求、征询对方意见


3.until, so that ,although引导的状语从句:

1)until:在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

Don‟t get off until the bus stops. 


2)so that引导目的状语从句(为了,以便)例如:He studies hard so that he could work better in the future


3)although的用法意思相当于though(尽管,虽然),引导让步状语从句。引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and, so等连用,但可以和yet, still等词连用。 

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