高考英语200长难句分析及重点词汇学习(一)

高考英语200长难句分析及重点词汇学习（一）

1. For example, adolescent boys are more likelyto buy computer games than any other group, so it makes senseto make computer game ads that appeal tothis group.

【句式翻译】例如，进入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意购买电脑游戏，因此，针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告是有意义的。

【句式分析】本句是一个含有so引导的结果状语从句的复合句，同时又含有一

个than引导的比较状语从句。

【词语点拨】1)likely adj. 可能的；常用于句型：sb/sthbe likely to do= it is likely that… 可能做……

He’s very likely tosend me an email tonight.

=It’s very likely that he’ll send me an email tonight.

很可能他今晚会给我发电子邮件。

The company is likely toset up a branch in our city. =It’s likely thatthe company will set up a branch in our city.

这个公司可能要在我们的城市建立分公司。

2) make sense 有意义；讲得通；make sense of 理解

I can’t follow these instructions -- they don’t make sense.

我不理解这些指示--根本讲不通嘛。

We read the sentence through, but could not make sense ofit.

我们我们把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它说些什么。

3) appeal to吸引；appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事；求助于

Blue and red appeal tome, but I don’t like gray or yellow.

我喜欢蓝色和红色, 而不喜欢灰色或黄色。

Jack sincerely appealed tohis friends to support him.

杰克真切地向朋友请求支持。

We can appeal tothe website for the information we need.

我们可以在网上查找我们需要的信息。

【语法点拨】本句中的than any other…，意为“比其他任何一个……”，所谈

论的对象在比较的范围之内；若不在范围之内，则不用 other。如：

China is largerthan any other countryin Asia.

中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。

China is larger than any countryin Africa.

中国比非洲的任何国家都大。

2. The more exposedyoung people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who managetheir finances confidently and effectively.

【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题，他们就能越早地了解这些问题，他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人，能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。

【句式分析】本句含有“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句式，同时又含有一个who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词adults。

【词语点拨】1) expose vt.揭露；使暴露；be exposed to暴露于；接触

We must exposethis shameful activity to the newspapers.

我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。

We should allow children to be exposed tonew ideas.

我们应当让孩子们接触新思想。

2）manage v.应付，设法对付；管理；能解决；manage to do设法做成

We need people who are good at managing.

我们需要擅长管理的人。

Hemanaged to send the tourists to the airport in time.

他设法把游客及时送到机场。

Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managedcarefully.

如果掌控小帆船不够小心，它们在水中就容易翻。

【语法点拨】“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。如：

The morewe get together, the happierwe’ll be.

我们越是多聚会, 我们越快乐。

The longershe worked at it,the more enthusiasticshe became.

她越干越来劲。

3. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take ondifficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.

【句式翻译】她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好，更愿意承担困难的任务。

【句式分析】本句含有一个than引导的比较状语从句。

【词语点拨】take on 承担；呈现

He is always ready to take onheavy responsibilities.

他一向乐于挑重担。

The chameleon can take on the colourof its background.

变色龙可呈现出与其背景相同的颜色。

 

【语法点拨】当我们要对两个人或物进行比较时，就采用比较级，比较级的构成：形容词或副词的比较级+than+比较成分，意思是：“更……些”或“较……”。Deeds are better thanwords when people are in need of help.

当别人需要帮助时，行动胜于语言。

In a word, practice is far more important thanbook knowledge.

一句话，实践远比书本知识重要。

4. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devoteto your studies, the more time you will have to spend onyour outside interests.

【句式翻译】也许更重要的是，你越善于管理你的学习时间，你就会有更多的时间用在你课外的兴趣上。

【句式分析】本句含有“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句式，同时含有两个非限制性定语从句，分别修饰先行词the time和the more time。

【词语点拨】1) devote vt.献身；专心于；常接time/money/energy/life/oneself作宾语，构成短语be devoted to=devote oneself to献身于，致力于；to为介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词。

Lang Lang devoted a lot of time to playingthe piano even when he was a little child. 郎朗小时候就把很多时间都用来弹钢琴。

After her marriage, the singer couldn’t devote herself totally toher music. 结婚之后这个歌手无法全力倾注于音乐。

2）spend some money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in) doing sth表示“花费(时间、金钱等)做某事”，其中的介词in可以省略。

Every day, most of the students in this school spend three hours ontheir homework. 这所学校大多数学生每天花三个小时做家庭作业。

It is bad for children tospend a lot of time playingcomputer games. 用很多时间玩电脑游戏对孩子是有害的。

【语法点拨】“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”，具体用法参见第2句。

5. He worked there through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gaineda Master’s degree at university in chemistry.

【句式翻译】他读中学和大学的那段时间都在那里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他在大学里获得化学硕士学位后的那一年。

【句式分析】本句含有一个after引导的时间状语从句，从句中运用了过去完成时态。

【词语点拨】gain vt.（经过努力）获得，取得

We gainknowledge by practicing again and again.

我们从反复训练中获取知识。

They realized that passing the exam was no longer enough to gaina place at university.

他们认识到仅仅通过这个考试，并不能确保在大学获得一席之位。

【语法点拨】过去完成时的构成：had done，表示“过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before, after等构成的短语，也可用when, before等引导的从句或通过上下文表示。如：

His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the gift hehad long expected.

当她终于收到她盼望已久的礼物时，她兴奋得两眼闪光。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.

12岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。

6. By the end of the century, we will have discovered other places in our solar system suitablefor living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.

【句式翻译】到本世纪末，我们将会在太阳系中发现其他适合人类居住的星球，并将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。

【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，句中运用了将来完成时态。

【词语点拨】suitable adj.合适的，适当的；构成短语：be suitable for适合……

They don’t think this article is suitablefor publication.

他们认为这篇文章不宜发表。

John wanted to change over to a more suitablejob.

约翰想换一个更加适合的工作。

【语法点拨】将来完成时的构成：will/shall have done，表示“到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作”。常与by + 将来时间，before+将来时间和by the time 引导的表示将来时间的从句连用。如：

He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.

到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。

When we get there，she’ll have goneto work.

我们到那里时她会已上班去了。

7. In today’s world, winners are celebratedand treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapy continue to affectthe outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.

【句式翻译】在当今世界，人们祝贺获胜者，并把他们看作英雄，但如果服用兴奋剂和基因治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话，“英雄”就失去了它的全部意义。

【句式分析】本句是由并列连词but连接的复合句，第二个分句运用了将来完成时，同时，包含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。

【词语点拨】1) celebrate vt.庆祝

The whole city celebratedthe New Year with fireworks.

全城放焰火来庆祝新年。

2) affect vt.影响，感动

I told him firmly that his opinion will not affectmy decision.

我坚定的告诉他，他的观点不会影响我的决定。

The audience present was deeply affectedby his speech.

在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了。

【语法点拨】将来完成时, 具体用法参见第6句。

8. One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attemptingto rebuild the Roman Empire.

【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元500-550年，当时的罗马皇帝正在试图重建罗马帝国。

【句式分析】本句包含一个when引导的限制性定语从句，从句中运用了过去进行时。

【词语点拨】attempt v.& n.尝试，试图

William attemptedto find the solution to the problem.

威廉试图找到问题的解决办法。

He was nearly drowned in the attemptto swim across.

他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死。

【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成：was/were doing，表示“过去某个时间正在进行的动作”。常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如：

What was he writingall day last Sunday?

上周日他一整天都在写什么？

My brother fell while he was ridinghis bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了。

9. The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.

【句式翻译】最近的几年里，人们见证了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。　

【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了现在完成时。

【词语点拨】on a grand scale大规模地，大张旗鼓地

We should popularize science on a grand scale.

我们应该大规模普及科学。

【语法点拨】现在完成时的构成：has/have done，常表示“某一动作或状态发生在过去，对现在有影响”，也可表示“持续到现在的动作或状态”。常用的时间状语：for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如：

We have bookeda room for today and tomorrow.

我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间。

The house has been emptyfor ages.

这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了。（现在仍空着）

10. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensusand reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate -- something previously seen as beyondour control.

【句式翻译】最近几十年，科学家们达成共识并报道说，人类正在引起地球的气候变化—而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。

【句式分析】本句是复合句，含有一个that引导的宾语从句，主句中运用了现在完成时。

【词语点拨】1) reach (a) consensus 达成共识，达成一致意见