学习干货 | 吃透时态与语态!冲刺考研英语高分!

吃透时态与语态

冲刺考研英语高分

今天我们开始时态与语态的复习，

基础薄弱的同学们注意，

一定要我们的语法板块，

帮助同学们夯实基础，

冲刺高分！

中文中是没有时态这个概念的，而英语中根据时间状语的不同，谓语动词的状态也有所不同。

时态在考研当中并不是一个难点，不是因为语法点简单，而是因为各种各样的时态并不会对我们的阅读理解或翻译带来障碍。

虽然英语中有16种时态，但是在考研英语中我们能遇到的只有7种时态。

而且在写作当中，需要熟练使用的时态只有4种，分别是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时以及现在完成时。

翻译下列句子，同时注意识别时态和不同时态在翻译中的处理方法。

1.Botanists estimate that some 3,000 native plant species will become extinct in the foreseeable future.

2.Experts pointed out that there would be real black hole and that it would swallow everything around it.

3.Scientists have been trying to break through in nano-robot designing for 3 years, but so far they have failed many times.

4.Her father will be watching her anxiously as she swims across the English Channel and her mother will be waiting for her on the French coast.

5.They lose contact with Nature and their idea of Nature is rather vague.

6.Readers are migrating away from print anywayand revenue from print is still declining.

1.Botanists estimate that some 3,000 native plant species will becomeextinct in the foreseeable future.

植物学家估计，在可预见的未来，大约有3000种本地植物将会灭绝。

2.Experts pointed outthat there would bereal black hole and that it wouldswallow everything around it.

专家指出，将会有真正的黑洞，它会吞下周围的一切。

3.Scientists have been trying tobreak through in nano-robot designing for 3 years, but so far they have failedmany times.

科学家们三年来一直试图突破纳米机器人设计，但到目前为止他们多次失败。

4.Her father will be watchingher anxiously as she swims acrossthe English Channel and her mother will be waiting forher on the French coast.

她的父亲将会焦急地看着她，因为她会游过英吉利海峡，她的母亲将会在法国海岸等待她。

5.They lose contact withNature and their idea of Nature is rather vague.

他们与自然失去了联系，他们对自然的看法也相当模糊。

6.Readers are migrating away from print anywayand revenue from print is still declining.

读者无论如何都正在远离印刷业，而来自印刷业的收入仍在下降。

中文中的把字句表示的是主动语态，被字句表示被动语态。那英文中的被动语态如何表达？

被动语态的结构：be + done，其中be表时态，是有形态上的变化的。而done表被动，是没有任何形态变化的。

下面是考研英语二中常用的7种时态的被动语态

①一般现在时被动语态：

am/ is / are + done

②一般过去时被动语态：

was/ were + done

③一般将来时被动语态：

will/ shall be done

④现在进行时被动语态：

am/ is / are being done

⑤过去进行时被动语态：

was/ were being done

⑥现在完成时被动语态：

have/ has been done

⑦过去完成时被动语态：

had been done

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