2021年同等学力申硕《英语》易考试题库精选及解析十二

发布于 2021-05-09 15:39 ，所属分类：中小学英语考试学习资料

一、阅读理解

固定题干

1. Passage 1

There are over 6000 different computer and online games in the world now. A segment of them are considered to be both educational and harmlessly entertaining. One such game teaches geography, and another trains pilots. Others train the player in logical thinking and problem solving. Some games may also help young people to become more computer literate, which is more important in this technology-driven era.

But the dark side of the computer games has become more and more obvious. “A segment of games features anti-social themes of violence, sex and crude language,” says David Walsh, president of the National Institute on Media and Family. “Unfortunately, it’s a segment that seems particularly popular with kids aged eight to fifteen.”

One study showed that almost 80 percent of the computer and online games young people preferred contained violence. The investigators said “These are not just games anymore. These are learning machines. We’re teaching kids in the most incredible manner what it’s like to pull the trigger. What they are not learning are the real-life consequences.”

They also said “The new and more sophisticated games are even worse, because they have better graphics and allow the player to participate in even more realistic violent acts.” In the game Carmaged-don, for example, the player will have driven over and killed up to 33000 people by the time all levels are completed. A description of the outcome of the game says: “Your victims not only squish under your tires and splatter blood on the windshield; they also get on their knees and beg for mercy, or commit suicide. If you like, you can also dismember them.”

Is all this simulated violence harmful? Approximately 3000 different studies have been conducted on this subject. Many have suggested that there is a connection between violence in games and increased aggressiveness in the players.

Some specialists downplay the influence of the games, saying that other factors must be taken into consideration, such as the possibility that kids who already have violent tendencies are choosing such games. But could it be that violent games still play a contributing role? It seems unrealistic to insist that people are not influenced by what they see. If that were true, why would the commercial world spend billions of dollars annually for television advertising?

1．Which of the following computer games is NOT mentioned as educational and harmlessly entertaining?

A. Those that help people learn more about computers.

B. Those that teach the features of the earth.

C. Those that provide special training for writers online.

D. Those that provide special training for pilots.

【答案】

【解析】

第一段提到，有一些电脑游戏被认为是既有教育意义又无害的娱乐游戏。有的电脑游戏教人们学地理，有的可以训练飞行员，有的可以训练人们的逻辑思维能力和解决问题的能力，有些游戏还可以帮助人们了解更多的计算机语言，这在我们这个技术驱动的时代是更加重要的。这里没有提到训练网上写作。

2．According to one study, most computer and online games _____.

A. allow the players to take part in killing acts

B. teach the players to be antisocial

C. make the players forget the real life results

D. that young people like contain violence

【答案】

【解析】

第三段第一句提到“One study showed that almost 80 percent of the computer and online games young people preferred contained violence.”，一项研究表明青少年喜欢的电脑游戏和网上游戏中有80%含有暴力的内容。

3．What does the underlined word “dismember” in paragraph 4 mean?

A. To kick somebody out.

B. To cut somebody into pieces.

C. To dismiss somebody.

D. To stab a knife into somebody.

【答案】

【解析】

第四段最后一句，如果你喜欢，你可以肢解他们。dismember肢解，隔断手足。

4．Many studies have suggested that _____.

A. more and more young people enjoy cruel computer games

B. violence in computer games makes their players more aggressive

C. there are now far more incidents of violence due to computer games

D. simulated violence in computer games is different from real violence

【答案】

【解析】

第五段第三句提到，许多研究表明游戏中的暴力与玩游戏的人的暴力倾向增强是有关系的。

5．The author uses “television advertising” as an example to show that _____.

A. other factors must be considered as possible causes of violence in real life

B. computer and online games are not the only cause of increased violence in real life

C. the commercial world is contributing to the increased violence in real life

D. there is a close link between computer games and increased violence in real life

【答案】

【解析】

最后一段第三句开始到最后提到，看来认为人们不受他所看到的东西影响是不对的，如果不受影响的话，为什么商业界每年要花几十亿美元做电视广告呢？

6．The best title for the passage could be _____.

A. The Dark Side of Computer Games

B. Computer Games—Advantages and Disadvantages

C. The Development of Violent Computer Games

D. A Study on the Influence of Computer Games

【答案】

【解析】

全文主要介绍了电脑游戏的负面影响。在第二段第一句中作者提到“But the dark side of the computer games has become more and more obvious.”，但是电脑游戏的负面影响越来越明显了。该句为全文的主题句。

固定题干

2. Passage 2

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance.

So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that to exist are largely learned.

But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.

1．Women’s place, some people think, is within the protective environment of the home because _____.

A. women can provide better care for the children

B. women are too weak to do any agricultural work at all

C. women are biologically suited to domestic jobs

D. women cannot compete with men in any field

【答案】

【解析】

本题可参照文章的第一段。题干中的“some people think”和原文第一段第二句话中的“According to this ideology ...”是对应的。第五句话作者又提到“Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties”，从中可知C项是正确答案。

2．According to the author, sex roles_____.

A. are socially determined

B. are emotionally and physically determined

C. can only be determined by what education people take

D. are biologically and psychologically determined

【答案】

【解析】

本题的依据是文章第四段的“So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life.”。根据上下文可知作者是不同意这种观念的，因此A项是正确答案。

3．The author points out that the assignments of women’s roles in work_____.

A. are determined by what they are better suited to

B. row out of their position inside the home

C. reflect a basic difference between men and women

D. are suitable to them, but not to men

【答案】

【解析】

文章的第二段。作者在这一段的倒数第二句话中指出“These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role”。从中可知B项是正确答案。

4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The division of sex-defined roles is completely unacceptable.

B. Women’s roles in work are too limited at present.

C. In one society, men might perform what is considered women’s duties by another.