时文热点06--2021年高考英语时文热点之原创特训组合练(阅读理解+语法填空)

时文热点06

Passage1

Ministry team writing report on deforestation

Vice-minister of Ecology and Environment Zhai Qing has led a supervision team to investigate an alleged large-scale deforestation case in Dunhuang in northwestern China's Gansu province.

The forest has protected the famous Silk Road city from sandstorms for decades.

The team has finished its investigation and is drafting its final report, ministry spokesman Liu Youbin said on Thursday.Nearly 1,000 hectares of forest in Yangguan Forest Station, grown to fend off desertification, were illegally logged in the past decade and replaced by vineyards, Economic Information Daily reported last week.The forest, on the edge of the Kumtag Desert, played a significant role in preventing sandstorms, conserving water and soil, and safeguarding agriculture.

Plans to create the forest began in 1963. After decades of continuous effort, it had 4 million trees by 2000, helping to prevent further expansion of China's sixth-largest desert.

Based on two satellite remote sensing images provided by authorities, the newspaper's report said the forest area under the supervision of the Yangguan Forest Station shrank sharply from 2000 to 2017.Hours after the case was revealed last week, a special work team was established by Dunhuang's city government to look into it.

According to a report released by Gansu's provincial government on Tuesday, Yangguan has had 465 hectares of forest area all the time and there has been no massive deforestation at Yangguan Forest Station or cases of healthy forest being cut down and replaced with vineyards for profit.

However, Economic Information Daily issued a statement on Wednesday challenging the figures from the Gansu government.Citing historical files on Yangguan, it said Yangguan claimed in many official documents to have had 866 hectares of forest area in 2016.

The Gansu provincial government has not responded to the latest allegation."The Ministry of Ecology and Environment attached great attention to the case and the investigation was conducted strictly, with the help of remote sensing satellites and drones," Liu said.

"We will also check the report by Gansu province and make the result public in a timely manner. If problems, such as dereliction of duty, are found, the ministry will urge the provincial government and related departments to shoulder their responsibilities."

1.What isn’t the significance of protecting the forest?

A.obey the government’s demands

B. safeguarding agriculture.

C.keep water and soil floating away

D. preventing sandstorms

2.What can be concluded from the passage?

A. The ministry will urge the provincial government and related departments to shoulder their responsibilities."

B.The media has a doubt about the content of the report released by Gansu's provincial government on Tuesday

C.A special work team was established by Dunhuang's city government to investigate the situation of the forest

D.Yangguan surely has had 465 hectares of forest area all the time

3.What is the best title of the passage?

A.How to investigate the damage caused by deforestation

B.How to protect the forest

C.Yangguan Forest Station

D.A report on deforestation

Passage2

Authors don’t write books, they write manuscripts（手稿）. Publishing is the process of getting an author’s manuscript into the hands of a reader, by materializing it – giving it form, as a book. This may be printed (a codex) or digital (an ebook).

The author’s manuscript is either requested or unrequested. Being rejected is awful and publishing contracts are complicated, so many authors employ an agent to negotiate a deal with a publisher.

The “publisher” refers to either the publishing house (such as Penguin Random House), or the person whose title is Publisher. Within a single publishing house there may be several publishers, each overseeing a different list based on genre. For example, there may be a literary publisher, an academic publisher and a non-fiction publisher within the same publishing house.

Within the publishing house, different departments deal with different aspects of the publishing process. Editorial is concerned with content: ensuring the story/information is communicated in a clear and engaging way. Sales, Marketing and Publicity are concerned with context: figuring out where the book sits in the market, how to get it into bookstores, and reviewed.

The designer is generally commissioned by the publisher or editor overseeing the title. Some publishers have creative directors, who commission (freelance) or assign (in-house) designers.

The designer is given a brief, a document that outlines the format (size and shape), production schedule, information about the content and context of the book including a blurb (a version of what end ups on the back cover), and passages that represent the writing style and plot. Some designers also read the full manuscript. Unless it’s a math textbook.

Designers usually communicate directly with the publisher/editor, but need to respond to critical feedback from Sales/Marketing to develop a cover that communicates both the content of the book (evoking a sense of what it’s about and the writing style) and the context (ensuring it looks like it belongs to its genre, and is appealing to the intended audience).

A process of to-and-fro between editor, publisher, sales and marketing continues until everyone is happy.

People are often surprised how little input authors have in the design process, considering the cover is how their book first faces the world. It’s important to consider two factors. Most authors are happy to defer to the publisher about how to sell as many copies of their book as possible; publishing is a commercial business and the publisher knows the market.And if an author hates a cover it will go back to the drawing board.

Once the design is finalized, digital files are sent to a production house so copies of the book can be printed, bound and delivered to the publisher’s warehouse, from where they will be shipped to bookstores when wanted.

1.What is the access to the publisher getting a writer’s manuscripts?

A. a author asks an agent to cooperate with a publisher.

B.the author writes it, then shops for a publisher

C. the publisher asks writerS to write it

D.All the above

2.Which is not right about “Publisher”according to the passage?

A.a publishing house

B. a person who is titled Publisher

C. several persons who have the ability to publish books

D.the writer himself/herself

3.In addition to giving his manuscripts to publisher, what may the author do before his works are published?

A. outline the size, the shape, the writing style

B. nothing to do

C.discuss the design of the cover

D.design the cover

4.How many departments are responsible for publishing a book at least?

A. 2 B. 4 C.3 D.5

Passage3

Draft focuses on education in the home

Parents or guardians should not use violence ___1___ a way to teach children lessons, a draft law said. The draft law ___2___( present） to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for first__3 ___( read)on Wednesday. The draft family education law also said they should not discriminate against children ___4___( base) on their gender or physical condition or use minors to break laws, ___5___( regulation) or social morality.

Parents___6___ guardians shoulder___7___ primary responsibility to educate children, while the government, schools and society should offer support__ 8___ family education, the draft said, ___9___( add )that the country should intervene___10___ necessary.

Passage4

Goals set for wastewater use

Thecountry aims to see a marked improvement in sewage collection___1____( efficient ) by 2025 as it enhances sewage treatment capabilities in cities and counties to meet___2____( increase ) demand, according to a guideline, jointly issued on Jan 11 by 10 government bodies, ___3____( include ) the National Development and Reform Commission.

By2025, at least 25 percent of the sewage treated ___4____ water-deficient cities should be used as reclaimed water, it said, ___5____ the rate set at more than 35 percent for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.By 2035, China expects __6____( establish ) a wastewater utilization system ___7____ is organized, safe, __8____(environmental) friendly and economical, it added.

Theguideline called for efforts to push forward the recycling of wastewater as resources in key areas, such as urban domestic sewage,___9____( industry ) wastewater and agricultural and rural sewage treatment.

In2019, the country discharged 75 billion cubic meters of wastewater in its urban areas, ___10____ less than 10 billion cubic meters of reclaimed water was utilized, according to the commission.

【参考答案】

Passage1

1.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题，从“The forest, on the edge of the Kumtag Desert, played a significant role in preventing sandstorms, conserving water and soil, and safeguarding agriculture.”可知答案为A。

2.【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题，从“However, Economic Information Daily issued a statement on Wednesday challenging the figures from the Gansu government.”可知答案为B。

3.【答案】D

【解析】主旨大意题题，通读全文可知答案为D，而其余的选项只是文中提到的一部分。

Passage2

3.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题，从“The author’s manuscript is either requested or unrequested. Being rejected is awful and publishing contracts are complicated, so many authors employ an agent to negotiate a deal with a publisher”（作者的手稿可能是征稿渠道来的或者是非征稿渠道来的。手稿被拒绝的滋味不好受，而且出版合同也很复杂，所以很多作者会雇佣代理人帮自己与出版社协商）可看出。

4.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题，从“The “publisher” refers to either the publishing house (such as Penguin Random House), or the person whose title is Publisher. Within a single publishing house there may be several publishers, each overseeing a different list based on genre. For example, there may be a literary publisher, an academic publisher and a non-fiction publisher within the same publishing house.

r”（Publisher”这个词可以指代出版社（比方说企鹅兰登书屋），也可以指代拥有“发行人”头衔的管理者。一家出版社可能有多个发行人，每个人管理一个按文学体裁或流派分类的书单。比方说，一家出版社可能会有文学发行人、学术发行人、非虚构发行人等等。）可看出。

3.答案】C

【解析】细节理解题，从“ if an author hates a cover it will go back to the drawing board, but if everyone has done their job well this shouldn’t happen.”（如果某个作者不喜欢某个封面，那么这个设计就会推倒重来。）可看出。

4.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题，从“ Within the publishing house, different departments deal with different aspects of the publishing process. .”（针对出版过程的各个环节，出版社设置了不同的部门......）可看出。

Passage3

1.as 2.was presented 3.reading 4.based 5.regulations

6.and 7.the 8. for 9.adding 10.when

Passage4

1.efficiency 2.increasing 3.including 4.in 5.with